When the widow of British explorer and artist Herbert Ward gave the family collection of 2241 ethnographic objects, including 19 bronze sculptures of Congolese people, to the Smithsonian Institution in 1920, she included a requirement in the agreement that the collection be kept together and that the sculptures be displayed in a room or “reasonably conspicuous part” of the building open to the public “at all times.”

As a plaintiff, you have to be concerned when the first sentence of the court’s opinion says you filed a complaint for discrimination stemming from a nonprofit’s failure to hire you to a position for which you do not recall applying.

A divided 7^th Circuit Court of Appeals has held that the “ministerial exception” preventing a variety of employment claims against churches and other religious organizations also prevents a minister from bringing a claim for a hostile work environment.  In a 7-3 decision of the full Court, it has affirmed a District Court dismissal of a claim for wrongful termination, and reversed the District Court’s decision that would have allowed the employee to proceed on a hostile work environment claim.

An alleged hate group may be rejected from the Amazon Smiles donation to charity program, the 11^th Circuit Court of Appeals has held.  The Court has affirmed the District Court decision holding that the Southern Poverty Law Center did not defame the group and that Amazon did not discriminate on the basis of religion.